Introduction to MongoDB

  Introduction to MongoDB


MongoDB is a modern, powerful, open-source NoSQL (non-relational) database designed to handle large volumes of unstructured, semi-structured, and structured data. It offers a flexible document model, which allows data to be stored in a format similar to JSON (called BSON), making it more adaptable to real-world data requirements.


Why MongoDB Was Created

Traditional relational databases (RDBMS) like MySQL, Oracle, and SQL Server were built for structured data with fixed schemas. However, modern applications—especially web, mobile, IoT, and analytics platforms—demand:


Frequent data structure changes


Faster development cycles


High scalability and performance


To meet these demands, 10gen (now MongoDB Inc.) developed MongoDB in 2007, and it became publicly available in 2009.




Explanation

Developed by: 10gen (now MongoDB Inc.) in 2007, released in 2009.


Type: NoSQL (Document-oriented)


Data Format: BSON (Binary JSON)


Storage Unit: Document (similar to JSON)


Query Language: JavaScript-like syntax


Best Use Cases: Big data, real-time analytics, IoT, content management, mobile apps


🔄 RDBMS vs MongoDB

       

   Feature                         RDBMS                       MongoDB

schema                                 Fixed                                 Dynamic                                 

Query language                   SQL                                   MQL(MongoDB Query Language)

scaling                                 Vertical                              Horizontal

Structure                              Tables and Rows               Collection and Documents      


Steps


Step 1: Start MongoDB

Use MongoDB Atlas (cloud) or install locally.


Open MongoDB Compass or Shell.






 Step 2: Create/Use a Database

Syntax:


use schoolDB





Step 3: Create Collection and Insert Document


i) db.<collection>.insertOne({})






e.x.,


db.students.insertOne({ name: "John", age: 20, course: "BCA" });



ii) db.<collection>.insertMany([{},{}])





e.x.,


db.students.insertMany([


  { name: "Alice", age: 22, course: "MCA" },

  { name: "Bob", age: 21, course: "BSc IT" }

]);



Future Scope of MongoDB

As data becomes the core of every business and application, MongoDB continues to play a crucial role due to its flexibility, scalability, and speed. Its demand is growing rapidly in both startups and large enterprises.


 1. Widespread Industry Adoption

Tech Giants like Google, Adobe, eBay, Uber, and Verizon use MongoDB in production.


Sectors: It’s widely used in eCommerce, finance, healthcare, education, telecom, and government projects.



2. Growing Demand for NoSQL Databases

The global NoSQL market is expected to reach $22+ billion by 2026.


MongoDB holds a top position among NoSQL DBs due to its strong community, tools (like Compass & Atlas), and ease of use.



3. High Career Potential

In-demand Roles:


MongoDB Developer


NoSQL Database Administrator


Backend Developer (Node.js + MongoDB)


Big Data Engineer


Cloud Engineer (MongoDB Atlas + AWS/Azure/GCP)


Average Salary (India): ₹6–12 LPA

Average Salary (US): $90,000–$140,000/year



4. Integration with Emerging Tools

Works well with Node.js, Python, Java, React, etc.


Integrated into platforms like AWS Lambda, Google Cloud Functions, and Azure Functions.


Easily supports microservices architecture and server less computing.



 5. Future Enhancements by MongoDB Inc.

MongoDB is continuously improving:


Multi-document ACID transactions


Real-time analytics with MongoDB Charts


Improved cloud-native experience via MongoDB Atlas


Vector Search for AI/ML integration (coming up)





Name : Praharsh Kulkarni

College : Sri Balaji University, Pune

Class : TY-BCA


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